Bariatric surgery is a medical procedure that changes the gastrointestinal tract to help obese people control their weight and improve their overall health. Obesity has become an epidemic worldwide, leading to serious diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and an increased risk of cancer. Bariatric surgery offers a solution for those who struggle with obesity and cannot achieve results with diet and exercise. In this article, we will look at the different types of bariatric surgery, their effectiveness, potential risks, and benefits for patients.
Types of bariatric surgeries
Gastric sleeve
This procedure involves the removal of part of the stomach, leaving the patient with a smaller, banana-shaped stomach. This reduces the volume of food that the stomach can hold, leading to quick satiety and decreased food intake.
Gastric bypass
In this procedure, part of the stomach is divided, creating a small stomach and a direct connection to the upper intestine. This limits the amount of food that can pass through the stomach and part of the small intestine, which also affects nutrient absorption.
Gastric band
Gastric banding is a procedure that includes wrapping a silicone band around the upper part of the stomach to reduce stomach size and food intake. The surgeon wraps the band around the upper part of the stomach and connects a tube to it. The tube can be accessed through a port under the abdominal skin.
Efficiency and benefits
Weight loss
Bariatric surgery often results in significant weight loss and improved health for the patient. Many studies show that patients who undergo bariatric surgery can achieve sustainable weight loss over the long term. Moreover, they often experience improvements in diabetes, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and other obesity-related conditions.
Improved quality of life
After surgery, many patients report a significant improvement in their physical and psychological condition. They feel more energetic, confident, and motivated to maintain an active lifestyle.
Addressing social problems
Obesity is often accompanied by social and psychological problems such as depression, social isolation, and low self-esteem. After successful bariatric surgery, patients feel more comfortable in society and have more opportunities for social activities.
Other benefits of bariatric surgery include reducing the risk of serious complications such as stroke and heart attack.
Potential risks and complications:
Although bariatric surgery is considered relatively safe, it is not without risks, just like any other surgical procedure. Some of the potential complications include bleeding, infections, holes or stenoses in the stomach or intestines, and lack of vitamins and minerals due to poor digestion. Additionally, some patients may not fully comply with lifestyle changes after surgery, which may result in weight gain or other health problems.
Who is a good candidate for bariatric surgery?
Bariatric surgery is usually considered for people with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 40 or a BMI greater than 35 who have underlying health conditions such as diabetes or hypertension, which may be associated with obesity. However, each case is considered individually, and the decision to perform surgery is made after a thorough assessment of the patient by his doctor.
Preparing for bariatric surgery
Before undergoing bariatric surgery, patients should undergo a comprehensive medical evaluation, including physical and psychological aspects. This helps determine the appropriate type of surgery and evaluate the risks and benefits for a particular patient. Patients should also be prepared to make changes to their lifestyle after surgery, including diet, exercise, and regular medical monitoring.
Postoperative period and rehabilitation
After bariatric surgery, patients usually should follow a strict diet and exercise regimen prescribed by their doctor. It is important to follow post-operative care recommendations and visit your doctor regularly to assess your progress and identify any complications.
The bottom line
Bariatric surgery is an effective obesity treatment that can help patients achieve a healthy weight and improve their quality of life. However, the decision to undergo such a procedure should be deliberate and take into account all the risks and benefits, as well as under strict medical supervision. It is important to remember that bariatric surgery is just one part of a comprehensive approach to combating obesity, including lifestyle changes, diet, and exercise.
